RT Article
T1 Passive and assertive secularism: historical conditions, ideological struggles, and state politics toward religion
JF World politics
VO 59
IS 4
SP 568
OP 594
A1 Kuru, Ahmet T.
LA English
PB John Hopkins University Press
YR 2007
UL https://www.ixtheo.de/Record/1640912010
AB Why do secular states pursue substantially different policies toward religion? The United States, France, and Turkey are secular states that lack any official religion and have legal systems free from religious control. The French and Turkish states have banned students' headscarves in public schools, whereas the U.S. has allowed students to wear religious symbols and attire. Using the method of process tracing, the author argues that state policies toward religion are the result of ideological struggles. In France and Turkey the dominant ideology is "assertive secularism," which aims to exclude religion from the public sphere, while in the U.S., it is "passive secularism," which tolerates public visibility of religion. Whether assertive or passive secularism became dominant in a particular case was the result of the particular historical conditions during the secular state-building period, especially the presence or absence of an ancien régime based on a marriage of monarchy and hegemonic religion. (World Politics / SWP)
K1 Staat
K1 Säkularisierung
K1 Geschichte
K1 Einflussgröße
K1 Ideologie
K1 Religionspolitik
K1 Internationaler Vergleich
K1 Vereinigte Staaten : Frankreich : Türkei : Staat : Säkularisierung : Historische Faktoren : Ideologie : Religionspolitik : Internationaler Vergleich/Ländervergleich
K1 Usa
K1 Frankreich
K1 Türkei