RT Article T1 Shinto Deities that Crossed the Sea: Japan's "Overseas Shrines," 1868 to 1945 JF Japanese journal of religious studies VO 37 IS 1 SP 21 OP 46 A1 Nakajima, Michio 1944- LA English PB Nanzan Institute YR 2010 UL https://www.ixtheo.de/Record/1698531044 AB As Japan expanded its political influence over its Asian neighbors, Japanese migrants increasingly began to erect Shinto shrines in which to worship the deities they had brought with them from Japan. The Japanese government, which encountered resistance on foreign soil, saw those newly erected Shinto shrines as an opportunity to launch a policy that would incorporate them into its colonial governing system; consequently, it established government-sponsored Shinto shrines in its colonial territories. Taiwan and Korea functioned as testing grounds for what proved to be the quite successful attempt to indoctrinate native peoples into Shinto. Over time, Imperial Japan and its colonial governments paid more and more attention to these "overseas shrines" and introduced a range of legal measures that would transform colonial subjects into followers of State Shinto, the spiritual center of colonial rule. This article introduces major research on the overseas shrines, discusses key features of Imperial Japan's policy regarding the indoctrination of foreign subjects into Shinto, and then suggests some issues that need to be further explored. K1 Buddhism K1 Christianity K1 Colonialism K1 Deities K1 Emperors K1 Government Regulation K1 Religious rituals K1 Religious Studies K1 Shrine Shinto