RT Article
T1 Archaeometallurgical Analysis of Lead Weights and Sling Bullets from Seleucid Tell Iẓṭabba: More on Lead Origin in Seleucid Palestine
JF Tel Aviv
VO 49
IS 2
SP 267
OP 292
A1 Klein, Sabine
A1 Jansen, Moritz
A1 Lichtenberger, Achim 1970-
A1 Tal, Oren
LA English
PB Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group
YR 2022
UL https://www.ixtheo.de/Record/1816969273
AB Lead isotope and portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry were applied to a small group of Hellenistic lead objects from Tell Iztabba (Beth Shean, Israel). The market weights and sling bullets from this short-lived Seleucid-founded site were analysed in order to understand their production process and the provenance of the raw materials. The sling bullets are of pure lead, and its lead isotopic signature suggests that the lead was produced from Lavrion ores. The weights are heterogeneous in composition and point to the use of mixed or reused scrap metal. Anatolian or Aegaean lead ores are the raw material sources for the weights. Whether the sling bullets belonged to the defenders of the site or to the attackers cannot be determined from the analysis, but their Greek provenance together with the fact that they were recovered at the site may suggest their use by its defenders.
K1 pXRF
K1 Multicollector-Mass Spectrometry
K1 Lead isotope
K1 Hellenistic Levant
K1 Sling bullets
K1 Lead weights
DO 10.1080/03344355.2022.2102113