RT Article T1 Queli monasteries: from the West to the East JF Studies in Chinese Religions VO 4 IS 2 SP 139 OP 158 A1 Li, Lan LA English PB Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group YR 2018 UL https://www.ixtheo.de/Record/1839038438 AB According to extant sources, there are three Queli 雀離 monasteries recorded in Chinese documents. The first was located in ancient Gandhāra (now Peshāwār), the second at the Subash Site 蘇巴什 in Kucha 庫車, and the third in Yecheng City 鄴城 of the Northern Qi Dynasty (now Linzhang, Hebei). Because the same name exists in three places, the author is inclined to combine related documents with archaeological remains of these sites. As a result, I establish an evolutionary model of stūpa structures and the layout of the monastery complex as Buddhism spread from West to East. K1 Queli Monastery K1 Evolution K1 layout of the monastery complex K1 stūpa structure DO 10.1080/23729988.2018.1493081