The Polish Rulers and the Catholic Missionaries from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Black Sea Region (1625–1721)
The paper examines the key elements characterizing the Polish rulers’ policy towards the Polish-Lithuanian Catholic missionaries in the Orient through three vital events of its history: the establishment and development of the Dominican mission in the Crimea (1625–1659), the plans of John II Casimir...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
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| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Brill
2023
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| In: |
Mission studies
Year: 2023, Volume: 40, Issue: 3, Pages: 327-347 |
| Further subjects: | B
Dominicans
B Crimea B Catholic missionaries B Safavid Persia B Jesuits B Ottoman Empire B Black Sea B Poland-Lithuania |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
| Summary: | The paper examines the key elements characterizing the Polish rulers’ policy towards the Polish-Lithuanian Catholic missionaries in the Orient through three vital events of its history: the establishment and development of the Dominican mission in the Crimea (1625–1659), the plans of John II Casimir Vasa and Louise Marie Gonzaga to found the network of Jesuit stations in three Oriental capitals in the 1650s, and the invigoration of the Polish Jesuits’ activity in Persia connected with John III Sobieski’s attempts to win the support of the Safavids for an anti-Ottoman alliance in the last quarter of the 17th century. These episodes show that the Polish-Lithuanian missionaries from the Dominican order in the Crimea received limited diplomatic and financial assistance from Poland-Lithuania. The two remaining reveal how Polish rulers were able to support the missionaries, who alongside their missionary work were supposed to perform some diplomatic tasks. Between 1653 and 1654, the royal couple invested considerable funds to send particular members of the Societatis Iesu to the Oriental capitals. The following few years proved, however, that Poland-Lithuania could not provide sufficient diplomatic support to ensure the longevity of this project, especially after the outbreak of the mid-seventeenth-century wars on its territory. The increased activity of the Polish Jesuits in Persia was also observed during the war of the Holy League with the Ottoman empire, strictly connected with John III Sobieski’s hopes to win the shah for the anti-Ottoman coalition. The death of the royal patron, followed by the outbreak of the Great Northern War, combined with hostility from the Gregorian Armenians and the increasingly influential Shiʾi clergy, proved to have tragic consequences for the Polish Jesuits’ missionary project in Persia. 本文通过历史上的三个重要事件，探讨了波兰统治者对东方波兰立陶宛天主教传教士政策的关键要素: 克里米亚多米尼加传教团的建立和发 展（1625–1659）、约翰二世·卡西米尔·瓦萨和路易丝·玛丽·冈萨加于 1650 年代在三个东方首都建立了耶稣会传教站网络、波兰耶稣会士在17世纪最后25年波斯的活跃与约翰三世·索别斯基试图赢得萨法维王朝的反奥斯曼联盟的支持有关。这些事件表明，克里米亚多米尼加教团的波兰立陶宛传教士从波兰立陶宛获得了有限的外交和财政援助。剩下的两个要素揭示了波兰统治者如何支持传教士，传教士在传教工作的同时还应该执行一些外交任务。1653 年至 1654 年间，王室夫妇投入大量资金，将协会的特定成员派遣到东方首都。然而，接下来的几年证明，波兰立陶宛无法提供足够的外交支持来确保该项目的长期实施，特别是在其领土上爆发了 17 世纪中叶战争之后。在神圣联盟与奥斯曼帝国的战争期间，波兰耶稣会士在波斯的活动也有所增加，这与约翰三世索别斯基希望为反奥斯曼联盟赢得国王的希望密切相关。皇家赞助人的去世，随后爆发了大北方战争，再加上格列高利亚美尼亚人和影响力日益增强的什叶派神职人员的敌意，事实证明，这对波兰耶稣会士在波斯的传教事业造成了悲惨的后果。 |
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| ISSN: | 1573-3831 |
| Contains: | Enthalten in: Mission studies
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| Persistent identifiers: | DOI: 10.1163/15733831-12341927 |