Chose, activité, agents: Le regard novateur de Thomas d'Aquin sur les opérations économiques
Thomas Aquinas takes a new look at economic activity. By gradually adopting an approach that is more economic than social, and more ontological than anthropological, Aquinas marks not only a methodological evolution, but also an epistemological one that has three characteristics. Firstly, by emancip...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | French |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
| Journals Online & Print: | Drawer...
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| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin
2023
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| In: |
Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques
Year: 2023, Volume: 107, Issue: 4, Pages: 641-679 |
| Standardized Subjects / Keyword chains: | B
Thomas Aquinas 1225-1274
/ Economy
/ Economic engagement
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| IxTheo Classification: | KAE Church history 900-1300; high Middle Ages NBE Anthropology VA Philosophy ZA Social sciences |
| Further subjects: | B
Echange
B Exchange B Trade B Épistémologie économique B Loan B Commerce B Usure B Prêt B Economic epistemology B Usury |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
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| 520 | |a Thomas Aquinas takes a new look at economic activity. By gradually adopting an approach that is more economic than social, and more ontological than anthropological, Aquinas marks not only a methodological evolution, but also an epistemological one that has three characteristics. Firstly, by emancipating himself from attention to the pre-established social status of the usurer or merchant, Aquinas broadens his view to include all economic agents and the entire duration of the exchange, since everyone can find himself in a sinful situation in the course of an exchange. He then takes up, but relativises and universalises, the notion of conditioned will stemming from a social approach to usury, according to which the rich lender enslaves the poor borrower, whose will is conditioned by his state of necessity. He thus integrates this social notion with an economic approach based on bargaining power. Finally, he circumvents the lack of information about agents' intentions by seeking objective and visible criteria for the justice of exchange. This leads him to focus on the nature of the object exchanged, the quid, which determines the nature and conditions of its exchange, and to which the fair behavior of the agents must conform. | ||
| 520 | |a Thomas d'Aquin porte un regard nouveau sur l'activité économique. En adoptant progressivement une approche plus économique que sociale et plus ontologique qu'anthropologique, l'Aquinate marque non seulement une évolution méthodologique, mais aussi épistémologique qui comporte trois caractéristiques. D'abord, en s'émancipant de l'attention au statut social préétabli de l'usurier ou du marchand, Thomas élargit son regard à tous les agents économiques et à toute la durée de l'échange car chacun peut, au cours de l'échange, se trouver en situation peccamineuse. Ensuite, il reprend, mais en la relativisant et en l'universalisant, la notion de volonté conditionnée issue d'une approche sociale de l'usure selon laquelle le riche prêteur asservit le pauvre emprunteur dont la volonté se trouve conditionnée par son état de nécessité. Il intègre ainsi cette notion sociale à une approche économique selon le pouvoir de négociation. Enfin, il contourne le manque d’information sur l'intention des agents en cherchant des critères objectifs et visibles de la justice de l'échange. Cela le conduit à porter son attention sur la nature de l'objet échangé, le quid, qui détermine la nature et les conditions de son échange, ce à quoi le juste comportement des agents doit être conforme. | ||
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